Mulch Calculator

Enter the size of your bed and get the number of whole bags of mulch for each bag size, with the working shown. A bed that is not a rectangle can be drawn with Draw a shape.

Estimates for planning, not professional advice. Read the full notice.

Bed size

Feet and inches, like 12' 6"

reads as 12 feet

Feet and inches, like 12' 6"

reads as 10 feet

Inches, like 4 in

reads as 3 inches

Example: a mulch bed

15 2 ft³ bags

  • In 0.5 ft³ bags 60 × 0.5 ft³ bags
  • In 0.75 ft³ bags 40 × 0.75 ft³ bags
  • In 1 ft³ bags 30 × 1 ft³ bags
  • In 1.5 ft³ bags 20 × 1.5 ft³ bags
  • In 3 ft³ bags 10 × 3 ft³ bags

Shopping list

Example: a mulch bed
ItemSizeBuy
Mulch in bags2 ft³ bag15

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    Worked example: a mulch bed

    Show the working
    1. Bed area 12 ft × 10 ft = 120 ft²
    2. Mulch volume at the depth 120 ft² × 3 in = 30 ft³
    3. Add the waste allowance, once 30 ft³ + 0 % waste = 30 ft³
    4. Divide by the bag size 30 ft³ ÷ 2 ft³ = 15 bags
    5. Round up once, to whole bags 15 bags = 15 bags

    Assumptions

    The figures behind the example. Sourced figures link to their source below; a default is a starting value to check against your label or supplier.

    AssumptionValueDetails and changes
    Mulch depth 3 in[1]
    Default Iowa State Extension: 3 to 4 in around trees and shrubs, 2 to 3 in on heavy soils. Other extensions differ.
    Mulch bag size 2 ft³
    Default Bag sizes are on the label. Check your label or supplier.
    Landscape waste or overage 0%
    Default No silent overage. Check your label or supplier.
    Supplier's smallest yard step 0.5 yd³
    Default Suppliers sell bulk in steps. Check your label or supplier.
    Weight of green wood chips (the source does not say loose or compacted) 473 lb/yd³[2]
    EPA's volume-to-weight factors for wood chips: 473 lb per cubic yard green and 243 lb per cubic yard dry. The table does not say whether the yard is loose or compacted.
    Weight of dry wood chips (the source does not say loose or compacted) 243 lb/yd³[2]
    EPA's volume-to-weight factors for wood chips: 473 lb per cubic yard green and 243 lb per cubic yard dry. The table does not say whether the yard is loose or compacted.

    Common jobs

    Mulch in cubic yards and in bags of each size for common beds

    Mulch in cubic yards and in bags of each size for common beds
    Bed (size × depth)Cubic yardsCubic yards at the step0.5 ft³ bags0.75 ft³ bags1 ft³ bags1.5 ft³ bags2 ft³ bags3 ft³ bags
    12 ft 6 in × 3 ft 4 in × 3 in 0.39 yd³0.5 yd³211411764
    Round bed 8 ft across × 2 in 0.31 yd³0.5 yd³17129653
    Tree ring 6 ft across, 12 in trunk × 3 in 0.25 yd³0.5 yd³14107543

    Each row is worked out on its own: the exact yards, the yards at the supplier's step in the assumptions above, and a whole number of bags of each size.

    Topping up old mulch

    Mulch to add over a layer already in the bed

    Mulch to add over a layer already in the bed
    Bed (size, depth wanted, depth there)Depth to addVolume to addCubic yards2 ft³ bags
    12 ft × 10 ft, 3 in wanted, 1 in there 2 in20 ft³0.74 yd³10

    The depth to add is the depth you want minus the depth already there, and the volume is worked out for that difference only.

    Depths from the sources

    Mulch depths as three university extension services give them

    Mulch depths as three university extension services give them
    Source and caseDepth
    Iowa State, trees and shrubs on well-drained sites: from 3 in
    Iowa State, trees and shrubs on well-drained sites: to 4 in
    Iowa State, heavy soils: from 2 in
    Iowa State, heavy soils: to 3 in
    Clemson, fine wood and bark mulches, no deeper than: low end 2 in
    Clemson, fine wood and bark mulches, no deeper than: high end 3 in
    Clemson, coarse mulches, as deep as 4 in
    Maryland, wood chips: from 1 in
    Maryland, wood chips: to 3 in
    Maryland, gap to keep at a tree trunk 3 in

    Sources: [1][3][4]

    The calculator starts from the Iowa State depth for trees and shrubs. The sources differ, so each depth is listed with its own wording.

    Questions

    Should I buy mulch in bags or in bulk?

    The calculator shows whole bags of each size for the same bed. Bulk is sold by the cubic yard and your supplier sets the step it is ordered in. Prices, delivery charges and what fits your site are yours to weigh, so this page gives no price.

    How do I add new mulch over old mulch?

    Work out the depth to add yourself, as the depth you want minus the depth of the old layer, and enter that as the depth. The calculator works out the volume and the bags for the depth you enter, and the topping-up table on this page shows one bed worked that way.

    How deep should mulch be?

    Iowa State Extension gives a depth for trees and shrubs on well-drained sites and a shallower one for heavy soils. Clemson Extension limits fine mulches and allows coarse mulches to go deeper, and the University of Maryland Extension gives its own range and a gap to keep at the trunk. The depths table lists each one, and the calculator starts from the Iowa State depth.

    How much does a yard of mulch weigh?

    The calculator does not give a weight; it gives whole bags for the size of your bed. The weight of a yard depends on the kind of mulch and how wet it is, so ask your supplier for the weight of your product.

    Sources (4)

    1. How deep should the mulch layer be around trees and shrubs? (Yard and Garden FAQ) (opens in new tab), Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, last updated March 3, 2022. Code or government.
      “A 3- to 4-inch-layer of wood chips or shredded bark would be appropriate for well-drained sites around trees and shrubs. On heavy soils, a 2- to 3-inch-layer would be suitable.”
      Checked November 12, 2026. Figures and codes change; verify with the source. Back to where this is used (Source 1)
    2. Volume-to-Weight Conversion Factors (opens in new tab), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, April 2016; table on PDF p. 5. Code or government.
      “Wood Chips, green cubic yard 473 ... Wood Chips, dry cubic yard 243”
      Checked November 12, 2026. Figures and codes change; verify with the source. Back to where this is used (Source 2)
    3. Mulch (HGIC 1604) (opens in new tab), Clemson Cooperative Extension, Home & Garden Information Center, revised June 20, 2016. Code or government.
      “Many wood and bark mulches are composed of fine particles and should not be more than 2 to 3 inches deep. ... Coarse-textured mulches such as pine bark nuggets ... can be as deep as 4 inches. ... One cubic yard will cover a 324-square-foot area with an inch of mulch.”
      Checked November 12, 2026. Figures and codes change; verify with the source. Back to where this is used (Source 3)
    4. Mulching Trees and Shrubs (opens in new tab), University of Maryland Extension, updated December 6, 2023. Code or government.
      “Always keep mulch shallow, from one to three inches. Keep mulch about 3 inches away from the base of tree trunks. ... Apply wood chips 1-3 inches deep and sawdust 1 inch deep.”
      Checked November 12, 2026. Figures and codes change; verify with the source. Back to where this is used (Source 4)

    These are summaries of what the sources say, not professional advice. Codes and product data change. Check with your building department and the product label about your own project.